Data-driven technological solutions are being highlighted to address growing water scarcity. The use of IoT devices enables intelligent management of water resources at the household, government and agricultural levels. This approach has led to increasing investment in the smart water management market, estimated at $53.6 billion by 2031, with applications ranging from leak detection and prevention to irrigation system automation and problem forecasting. The combination of sensors, data analysis and IoT technologies offers an innovative and essential solution to meet the challenge of water scarcity in the future.

Voice recognition technologies are advancing in IoT devices, promising to transform the connected home. Since its inception in the 1950s, speech recognition has evolved, reaching remarkable accuracy in 2018 and accelerating due to the pandemic. There are expected to be 8 billion digital voice assistants in use by 2023, driving a market of $31.82 billion by 2025. These systems enable smart home automation beyond device management, incorporating emotion-based interaction and context, and opening possibilities for new uses.

The agricultural sector has an opportunity to move towards efficiency and sustainability by leveraging digital technologies. The use of Big Data, cloud data processing, satellite imagery, and IoT technologies such as sensors, autonomous vehicles, and drones can improve decision-making, increase efficiency in irrigation and livestock management, reduce waste, and contribute to sustainability. Digital technologies also make it possible to monitor gas emissions and provide transparency in the supply chain through Blockchain. The adoption of these technologies provides competitive advantages in the agricultural market.

The pandemic has boosted e-commerce and home deliveries, highlighting the importance of the "last mile" in the customer experience. Logistics increasingly requires data management and the adoption of technologies such as artificial intelligence, Big Data and the Internet of Things to meet consumer demands. Despite the growth of electronic commerce, digitization in the logistics sector in Spain is still lagging behind. Last mile optimization is achieved through smart warehouses, route optimization with Big Data and real-time tracking, which improves profitability and customer experience.

Vertical farms allow you to increase crop production in a sustainable and efficient way. Robotic technology and artificial intelligence are key in this process, optimizing everything from monitoring and sowing to harvest. The adoption of robotics in vertical farming will continue to grow as it can solve most challenges and improve the entire crop growth cycle.

Industry 4.0 faces challenges related to the energy crisis and the perception of unreachability for small and medium-sized companies. Data management is the starting point for digital transformation, prioritizing its ordering and strategic processing. The human factor and customer needs must guide any digital transformation strategy.